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	<title>Agony &amp; Ivy</title>
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	<modified>2008-07-04T10:22:33-07:00</modified>
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	<entry>
		<title>06.29.08 Reverse Sweep</title>
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		<modified>2008-07-04T11:26:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-07-04T11:26:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-07-04T11:26:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.285</id>
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		<summary type="text/plain">Section 550 Row 9 Seat 2</summary>
		<dc:subject>06.29.08 Reverse Sweep</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=285"><![CDATA[ <p>Section 550 Row 9 Seat 2</P><p style="text-align:center;"><a href='http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_1.jpg'  style='border: 0;' target="_self"  class='pivot-popuptext' ><img src="http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_1.thumb.jpg" border="1" alt="" title=""  class='pivot-popupimage'/></a></p><br />
Sunday night at the Cell, Cubs looking to avoid the sweep<br />
<br />
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href='http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_lou_blowing_his_cool.jpg'  style='border: 0;' target="_self"  class='pivot-popuptext' ><img src="http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_lou_blowing_his_cool.thumb.jpg" border="1" alt="" title=""  class='pivot-popupimage'/></a></p><br />
Lou lasted to the second inning and that was all he could take.<br />
<br />
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href='http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_theriot_at_bat.jpg'  style='border: 0;' target="_self"  class='pivot-popuptext' ><img src="http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_theriot_at_bat.thumb.jpg" border="1" alt="" title=""  class='pivot-popupimage'/></a></p><br />
The Riot steps in.<br />
<br />
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href='http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_0-13.jpg'  style='border: 0;' target="_self"  class='pivot-popuptext' ><img src="http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_0-13.thumb.jpg" border="1" alt="" title=""  class='pivot-popupimage'/></a></p><br />
Aramis goes 0 for the series (0-13).  Quite a departure from his huge series the previous weekend with 4 homeruns.<br />
<br />
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href='http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_first_and_second.jpg'  style='border: 0;' target="_self"  class='pivot-popuptext' ><img src="http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_first_and_second.thumb.jpg" border="1" alt="" title=""  class='pivot-popupimage'/></a></p><br />
Cubs do get to first and second, but just can't manufacture the runs they need.<br />
<br />
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href='http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_late_innings.jpg'  style='border: 0;' target="_self"  class='pivot-popuptext' ><img src="http://www.agonyandivy.com/images/062908_late_innings.thumb.jpg" border="1" alt="" title=""  class='pivot-popupimage'/></a></p><br />
The sweep is complete and the Cubs have to regroup as they are headed to San Francisco and St. Louis. ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>kjm</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>Friday Afternoon Meanderings</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=279" />
		<modified>2008-04-18T16:09:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-04-18T16:09:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-04-18T16:09:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.279</id>
		<link rel="related" type="text/html" href="" title="" />
		<summary type="text/plain">I haven't been able to watch the games this week.  Today, though, I'm taking a break to watch the game and let my mind wander through everything Cubs.  Here, then, is a collection of mid-April meanderings jotted as I watch.

Editor's Note: If you watch the games on DVR or something, and you subscribe to Agony &amp; Ivy's RSS or Atom feed, don't read any more until later!  There's spoilers.

On the offensive t-shirts
So, has everyone heard about  the t-shirts being sold outside Wrigley Field by now?</summary>
		<dc:subject>Friday Afternoon Meanderings</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=279"><![CDATA[ I haven't been able to watch the games this week.  Today, though, I'm taking a break to watch the game and let my mind wander through everything Cubs.  Here, then, is a collection of mid-April meanderings jotted as I watch.<br />
<br />
<small>Editor's Note: If you watch the games on DVR or something, and you subscribe to Agony & Ivy's RSS or Atom feed, don't read any more until later!  There's spoilers.</small><br />
<br />
<i>On the offensive t-shirts</i><br />
So, has everyone heard about <a href = "http://www.suntimes.com/sports/baseball/cubs/901817,CST-SPT-gordo18.article"> the t-shirts being sold outside Wrigley Field</a> by now?It's arrogant and insensitive to comically characterize another race for a cheap laugh.  It's one thing to impersonate an individual who happens to be of another race--also potentially offensive, but not necessarily, if you tread the line carefully, in very limited contexts.  (In this case, I think it would be equally offensive if there was a picture of Fukudome's face with the "Horry Kow" lettering.  There's no way to avoid crossing the line, especially since Fukudome has done nothing to deserve derision.)  But, to demean an entire culture?<br />
<br />
I'm not going to go so far as to say that Japanese players breaking into the major leagues is as monumental <a href = "http://espn.go.com/sportscentury/features/00016431.html"> as when Jackie Robinson broke in 61 years ago</a>.  I will go so far as to say that it goes to show that for all the progress we've made in 61 years, a lot of our culture still has a long way to go.  It's not that far for the arrogance of humor to devolve into the arrogance of cruelty; to go from thinking it's alright to portray someone like this to thinking they deserve it.  Heaven help us.<br />
<br />
Cubs fans especially should respect Fukudome, appreciate the way he plays the game, and do our best to help him navigate our foreign culture.  He's giving us his best.  Does he not deserve the same?<br />
<br />
<i>On Respect</i><br />
Even as I just wrote this, Fukudome triples to center.  (Man, he's good.)  As McLouth chased the ball down, a bleacher member poured a beer over the fence, and almost drenched McLouth.  It touches on a similar vein: how can people not respect <i>the game of baseball</i> enough not to do this?  Men play this game not only to entertain fans but to make a great living, and to participate in the tradition, a cultural institution.  Fans have no right to do something like pour a beer at an opponent.<br />
<br />
<i>On Alfonso Soriano</i><br />
All season, I thought something was off with Soriano.  Either he wasn't hustling, or he was not 100% healthy.  There were several plays in several games--like the one where the ball got past him after bouncing off the left field foul wall, and a gapper that he should have been able to cut it off, and a flare that was past Theriot that I thought he should have gotten to and caught--where he did not look like himself.  Now, I wonder whether it's been health all season.  I realize it's been the hamstring that's been reportedly bugging him in the past, and it's the calf that's strained, but still.  Maybe favoring the hamstring led to tweaking the calf, or maybe the calf's been bothering him and we just didn't know about it.  I guess it doesn't really matter, except to say that I hope whatever it is, I hope he's able to fully recuperate, and that we won't see little plays like we did early on that looked like half-efforts.<br />
<br />
<i>On Bob Brenly</i><br />
Is there anyone better than Bob at over-explaining an obvious point?  Like his exposition on outfielders breaking in their gloves compared to infielders last weekend?  I was watching the game Saturday with AWL, and as Bob started in on how to bend the fingers of a glove, I said to him, "Here we go, a classic Brenly..." and Bob proceeded to go on, and on, and on...and on...  Gotta love it.  It's a long season, but there's no one like Bob at filling in the dead spots.  As for Len?  When Bob finished, he just deadpanned: "Good stuff."  Nicely done.<br />
<br />
<i>On Daryl Ward</i><br />
Someone needs to remind Ward not to pull everything.  He's been trying to pull outside pitches and rolling them over to the right--the surest sign of a slump that there is.  Today he lofted a low ball to the opposite field, so maybe that's an improvement, but still--he doesn't look like himself up there right now.  And the Cubs are going to need him even more as they get into games against teams like the Mets, where I expect they'll be in close games and need to pinch hit for pitchers.<br />
<br />
<i>On Rich Hill</i><br />
I was kind of hoping they would let Blanco catch Rich Hill today instead of Soto.  The first few times out, it's been obvious that Rich Hill doesn't trust his fastball.  What was worse is that a week ago, Soto didn't seem to realize this, and was calling for fastballs in counts where there was no room for error.  I'm not saying it's Soto's fault that Hill has pitched poorly.  I just thought that maybe Blanco could help Hill regain his confidence more quickly by guiding him through the early part of the counts.<br />
<br />
Today, though, Soto did fine, and so did Hill.  <br />
<br />
<i>On Kerry Wood</i><br />
There are certain instincts you just can't teach, like when Kerry Wood took a bunt and threw to second to get the lead runner.  It's one of those plays you hate a player to make...unless he makes it.  I don't know how long it will take for Kerry Wood to become comfortable as a closer.  So far, every scenario is still new.  Sooner or later, they'll start to become familiar, and that's when we'll really know just how good he can be.  But with instincts like that, and a blazing fastball and plenty of breaking stuff, I'm feeling awful excited about the second half of the season for number 34.<br />
<br />
<i>On Ronny Cedeño</i><br />
From BMK: "why did they take the tilde off of ronny cedeño's jersey?"<br />
<br />
Whatever's on his jersey, I don't trust him in a clutch moment yet.<br />
<br />
<i>On Eric Patterson (Or Rather, On Not Matt Murton or Sam Fuld)</i><br />
A week and a half ago BMK also said: "bring back Sam Fuld."  As Soriano got hurt, I thought they might.  Then I remembered Matt Murton, and thought, "Nevermind."  Instead of either, though, it's Eric Patterson.<br />
<br />
Why?  It's curious.  Well, maybe not with respect to Fuld--he's 2 for 20 down at AAA.  But why not Murton?<br />
<br />
Murton & Fuld are both on the 40 man roster.  It's not an options thing for either one of them.  As long as they're both on the 40 man roster, they can come and go between AAA and the Cubs all season this season.<br />
<br />
Back to basics: it seems like if an outfielder goes down, you might want to bring up an outfielder.  Patterson and DeRosa can play the outfield and second in conjunction, but they're less natural.  Is it all to make room for Fontenot to get some at bats?  Doesn't seem like it.  Is it because they need more options to hit leadoff?  Is it because they're trying to work with Pie, and because Reed Johnson is also producing?  All of these?  I suppose any or all of them can explain it, but I can't see any of this outweighing the offensive production the Cubs can get from Murton in left field.  What it comes down to is that I do not expect Patterson to produce as much as Murton would.<br />
<br />
Murton, by the way, is hitting .317 in 41 at bats for Iowa, but curiously all his hits have been singles (and he's drawn 10 walks).<br />
<br />
<i>On Fan Cam Being Especially Weak This Season</i><br />
What's up with that?<br />
<br />
<i>Cubs win!</i><br />
1-2-3- for Kerry Wood, and that's that. ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>jcb</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>An Unprecedented New Yorker Cover</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=278" />
		<modified>2008-04-06T22:26:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-04-06T22:26:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-04-06T22:26:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.278</id>
		<link rel="related" type="text/html" href="" title="" />
		<summary type="text/plain">My jaw literally dropped when I picked up my weekend mail this evening, and saw the cover of the latest issue of the New Yorker.  The title is &quot;Lost and Found&quot; by Mark Ulriksen.  Here's the image (with its source pulling the image directly from  the &quot;About Us&quot; page of the New Yorker website for this issue):
</summary>
		<dc:subject>An Unprecedented New Yorker Cover</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=278"><![CDATA[ My jaw literally dropped when I picked up my weekend mail this evening, and saw the cover of the latest issue of the <i>New Yorker</i>.  The title is "Lost and Found" by Mark Ulriksen.  Here's the image (with its source pulling the image directly from <a href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/"> the "About Us" page of the <i>New Yorker</i> website</a> for this issue):<br />
<center><img src="http://www.newyorker.com/images/2008/04/07/p233/080407_080407_p233.jpg"></center><p>So, what do we think the title means?  Beyond the obvious, an arm wearing Cubbie blue holding up the baseball found within the familiar lush Boston Ivy, I wonder if there has to be some larger significance here.  I'm going to let it roll around for a few days and see what comes up.  If it can take on a larger meaning--perhaps a prophesy?--about the Cubs finally coming out of the wilderness with the prize, I'm all for Ulriksen getting it right.<br />
<br />
Roger Angell also posted a brief column for the Talk of the Town, <a href="http://www.newyorker.com/talk/comment/2008/04/07/080407taco_talk_angell?printable=true"> entitled "Green"</a>--as in money.  It's rather pessimistic and fatalistic in tone, concluding: "Baseball, we’ve discovered once again, is always better as a sample of American business life than as a place for moral lessons. It’s still the national pastime."  I think it echoes many of the concerns voiced in this space along the way.  Still, whatever he writes, it's nice to see Angell penning commentary about baseball because his cadence smacks of an older era of sportswriter.<br />
<br />
His point, at its simplest, is that baseball is in some significant ways different than before, and from his tone, I think it's safe to say "worse" than before.  I think he's both right and wrong.  He's right that "[b]aseball pressure is much, much higher today—because of the fans’ and the owners’ insistent demand for success, because of the greater competition brought about by the wild card and the inflated postseason and the luxury tax on larger teams, and because of the money."  But he never goes on to observe that between the lines, certain truths of the game remain true; and certain hopes will always ring out.  Whereas he sees his AAA call-up yelling "Help!" in the face of the veteran's advantages, I see the infielder thinking to himself, "This is my chance.  Bring it on."<br />
<br />
But I suppose that might just be the Cubs fan in me coming out again. ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>jcb</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>Already Familiar</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=277" />
		<modified>2008-04-04T19:31:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-04-04T19:31:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-04-04T19:31:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.277</id>
		<link rel="related" type="text/html" href="" title="" />
		<summary type="text/plain">We're four games in, and this season already feels familiar because the Cubs are suffering from the same problems they've been fighting for the last several years.  Too many at-bats have featured batters not working counts--let alone taking walks-- and guys are swinging on pitcher's pitches.  As for the pitchers and defense, the Cubs have made some crucial errors, and have given up some crucial walks and hit batsmen.  Toss in a few questionable managerial decisions and what we've got are a couple of games in which the Cubs were not only outplayed, but did not do the little things well enough to give themselves the best chance to win.

As a result, the Cubs have lost two winnable games, and have now taken the first lead in the race to the bottom at 1-3 instead of 3-1, or 2-2.

Too early to get concerned?  Yes and no.  Yes, in the sense that there are 158 more games and the Cubs best players have not yet come close to hitting their stride.  But no, in the sense that these are the things they should have been working on all spring because they've plagued the Cubs for seasons now.</summary>
		<dc:subject>Already Familiar</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=277"><![CDATA[ We're four games in, and this season already feels familiar because the Cubs are suffering from the same problems they've been fighting for the last several years.  Too many at-bats have featured batters not working counts--let alone taking walks-- and guys are swinging on pitcher's pitches.  As for the pitchers and defense, the Cubs have made some crucial errors, and have given up some crucial walks and hit batsmen.  Toss in a few questionable managerial decisions and what we've got are a couple of games in which the Cubs were not only outplayed, but did not do the little things well enough to give themselves the best chance to win.<br />
<br />
As a result, the Cubs have lost two winnable games, and have now taken the first lead in the race to the bottom at 1-3 instead of 3-1, or 2-2.<br />
<br />
Too early to get concerned?  Yes and no.  Yes, in the sense that there are 158 more games and the Cubs best players have not yet come close to hitting their stride.  But no, in the sense that these are the things they should have been working on all spring because they've plagued the Cubs for seasons now.<p>I don't have the time to completely dissect the numbers, but looking over a few things on my scorecards, the numbers mainly confirm what I suspected: the Cubs failure to do the little things well from at-bat to at-bat have plagued them yet again.<br />
<ul><br />
<li>Game 1: The Brewers had 2 walks/HBP that became runs, the Cubs had 1, and they lost 4-3.<br />
<li>Game 2: While not a close game--the Brewers won 8-2--the Brewers had 1 walked batter score, the Cubs none.<br />
<li>Game 3: The Brewers had one walked batter score and another score on an error charged to Fukudome, while the Cubs also drew two walks that came around to score (both to lead-off an inning).  The Cubs won 6-3.<br />
<li>Game 4: The Astros had 3 extra runs--one on a walk, one reached on an error, and another reached third on what should have been an error by Soriano who then scored on a SAC fly.  The Cubs did not draw a walk.  The Astros won 4-3.</ul><br />
<br />
The Cubs have drawn 3,2,6, and 0 walks in 4 games.  If not for that 6 walks (5 by Dave Bush), they'd be at the bottom of the league in the category yet again.  (Florida has 7 team walks through 3 games; Washington has 10 through 4.)<br />
<br />
Today especially, the Cubs were not working the count, and were swinging at hitter's pitches.  You can credit Sampson for hitting his spots.  But you also have to blame the Cubs for not trying to work a better approach.<br />
<br />
I also think Piniella has made 3 bad decisions--one of which is probably arguable--two of which turned out to matter.<br />
<br />
First, I thought having Wood intentionally walk Fielder in Game 1 was a mistake.  This one's arguable.  With Weeks at second and 1 out in a tie game in the ninth inning, the percentages say you walk the best run producer.  The only run that really matters at that point is the runner on second, and he's less likely to score if their best hitter doesn't get to swing, or if you can get a double play.  That being said, Wood wasn't in a groove yet where it felt to me like he was going to be able to get a ground ball.  We were more hoping for a strikeout or two.  Plus, Fielder had looked lost at the plate all game.  So to me, the intuitive move was to let Wood try to find his rhythm earlier rather than later, and pitch to Fielder.<br />
<br />
Second, the double-switch early in Game 2, putting Hart in DeRosa's spot (6th) in the fifth inning.  This didn't matter too much in a game they were going to lose anyway, but it did turn out to force him to pinch hit in that 6th spot twice more, leading off innings with Cedeno and Ward.  Plus, DeRosa had hit a fine double the at-bat before.  So this one didn't make much sense to me.<br />
<br />
Third, pinch hitting Reed Johnson early in the game today, but not double-switching for Pie.  Let's face it: Pie is not hitting the ball squarely right now.  With Johnson used and out of the game, Pie had to get two more tense at-bats, and came up empty in both.  I realize Piniella wanted to get Johnson an at-bat--and Johnson hit a screaming double--but the smarter move there is to let a guy like Ward hit so you can substitute Johnson in for Pie when the time comes, and still have center field covered defensively.<br />
<br />
One other thing worth mentioning: Soriano has been known to not hit as well in day games, but he needs to figure something out soon.  He looked absolutely confused all week at the plate, and today made a terrible play in left that led to an extra run, letting a ball roll by him that he easily could have fielded off the side wall.  It was like he was in a daze, moving at half-speed.<br />
<br />
Here's hoping they turn this all around soon. ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>jcb</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>Editor's Note</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=275" />
		<modified>2008-03-31T22:10:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-03-31T22:10:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-03-31T22:10:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.275</id>
		<link rel="related" type="text/html" href="" title="" />
		<summary type="text/plain">PMc - Are you out there?

I've tried to maintain contact with professional sports journalist PMc this off-season, who has written in this space before.  However, he's moved, and his e-mail addresses are no longer working.  Here's hoping he swings by the site, gets in touch, and resurrects the column.

If there's anyone else who is interested in writing a bi-weekly literary-journalistic column about the Chicago Cubs this season, let me know.

-JCB</summary>
		<dc:subject>Editor's Note</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=275"><![CDATA[ PMc - Are you out there?<br />
<br />
I've tried to maintain contact with professional sports journalist PMc this off-season, who has written in this space before.  However, he's moved, and his e-mail addresses are no longer working.  Here's hoping he swings by the site, gets in touch, and resurrects the column.<br />
<br />
If there's anyone else who is interested in writing a bi-weekly literary-journalistic column about the Chicago Cubs this season, let me know.<br />
<br />
-<a href="http://www.agonyandivy.commailto:jcb@agonyandivy.com">JCB</a> ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>admin</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>Our Year</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=274" />
		<modified>2008-03-30T23:31:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-03-30T23:31:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-03-30T23:31:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.274</id>
		<link rel="related" type="text/html" href="" title="" />
		<summary type="text/plain">The crowd was vocal.  Because the subject here was baseball and the stadium was full of scholars—and historians—and soon enough I found myself engaged in learned debate with all these ... strangers, these ... guys.
--Mason Marzac in Richard Greenberg’s “Take Me Out,” Act Two.
* * *
Saturday night around eleven o’clock I went to one of my stacks of books and pulled out my copy of “Take Me Out,” a play by Richard Greenberg.  I bought the script about a year ago after the Zach Scott Theater here in Austin performed it.  I thought the play was not only excellent but of exceptional literary quality, so I ordered a copy from Amazon or somewhere to add to my library, where baseball literature does its best to counterbalance the stuffier law books that look as heavy as they are.</summary>
		<dc:subject>Our Year</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=274"><![CDATA[ <blockquote>The crowd was vocal.  Because the subject here was <i>baseball</i> and the stadium was full of scholars—and historians—and soon enough I found myself engaged in learned debate with all these ... strangers, these ... <i>guys</i>.</blockquote><br />
<i>--Mason Marzac in Richard Greenberg’s “Take Me Out,” Act Two.</i><br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
Saturday night around eleven o’clock I went to one of my stacks of books and pulled out my copy of “Take Me Out,” a play by Richard Greenberg.  I bought the script about a year ago after the Zach Scott Theater here in Austin performed it.  I thought the play was not only excellent but of exceptional literary quality, so I ordered a copy from Amazon or somewhere to add to my library, where baseball literature does its best to counterbalance the stuffier law books that look as heavy as they are.<p>The play’s premise is rather simple: A superstar named Darren Lemming (patterned after Derek Jeter) for the Empires (patterned after the Yankees) comes out of the closet mid-season.  Extreme tension, occasionally comedy, and finally tragedy ensue, fueled by comments to the press by the Empires' racist, homophobic, hillbilly, rookie closer with a tiny IQ.  (No word on whether patterned after John Rocker).  The script handles all of this drama perfectly, I’d say, a remarkable achievement.  (For a great review of the play, read <a href= http://www.villagevoice.com/theater/0310,feingold,42304,11.html> Michael Feingold’s review for the <i>Village Voice</i></a>).<br />
<br />
In particular, a year ago, actor Martin Burke as Mason “Mars” Marzac stole the show, at least for my girlfriend and me.  Although, we’re partial to Burke already because for several Christmases he’s performed David Sedaris’s hilarious “The Santaland Diaries,” and has made us laugh to the point that we can barely breathe.  Still, as great as Burke is, Greenberg’s character meets him more than halfway.<br />
<br />
Through Mason, gay and recently promoted to financial manager for Darren, we see the game of baseball anew, from the vantage point of a man who has been an outsider in every way imaginable his entire life.  A man who, until meeting Darren, has never watched an inning.  Witnessing Mason discover the joys and graces of the game, it reminds us of why we are so passionate about baseball, and our team.<br />
<br />
It’s a reminder worth remembering as a new season begins, I thought, which is the whole point of having a library in the first place, so I read.<br />
<br />
From Act Two, as Mason attends his first game, picked up shortly after the leading quote:<br />
<blockquote>Then, with two outs in the bottom of the ninth, the miracle happened.<br />
We got a hit.<br />
Then another.<br />
Then another.<br />
And another and another and—<br />
Think: Mets versus Braves June thirtieth, 2000—where the Mets went into the eighth losing eight to one and scored <i>ten runs</i> in a <i>single</i> inning to take the game eleven-eight.<br />
And we took <i>this</i> game.<br />
And when the winning run crossed home plate, the fans who had stayed rose in this single surge and let out a shout like the “Hallelujah Chorus.”<br />
And it was the first crowd I had ever agreed with.</blockquote><br />
There’s no way to describe that feeling except to capture the events that evoke it.  The best part is that Greenberg doesn’t have to provide more than the skeleton: we can all provide the rest.  I mean, admit it: just from that brief passage, your mind’s eye summoned the infield and the crowd as vividly as any memory, right?  This is a scene where the purities of imagination and hope and memory align—between the lines.  <br />
<br />
And it looked like Wrigley Field, didn’t it?<br />
<br />
I like to think that Mason agreed with the crowd not just in the shout, but in staying until the end.  Earlier (in Act One), in describing discovering how baseball is a metaphor for Democracy, Mason says: “And baseball is better than Democracy—or at least than Democracy as it’s practiced in this country—because unlike Democracy, baseball acknowledges loss.”<br />
<br />
To stay to the end is often to acknowledge loss, but hoping against hope—believing against history—that near-certain loss will be transcended.<br />
<br />
This, as much as anything else, is what it is to be a Cubs Fan.<br />
<br />
This season is going to be a significant season no matter what happens because circumstances are special.  This one will matter—resonate—whether the Cubs finish first or last.  Knowing that, it helps us feel even more optimistic—naive?—than ever because if the 100th season is going to stand out anyway, what have we got to lose if we put our faith in this team; if we believe—truly believe—that Next Year is finally here?<br />
<br />
Cubs fans understand better than anyone that someone must lose every baseball game.  We also have more than any other fans the capacity to believe that next time, <i>this time</i>, when the most critical moment arrives, it will not be our turn to lose.  This is our year to reaffirm this belief.<br />
<br />
This is our year. ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>jcb</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>On The Naming Rights to Wrigley Field</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=273" />
		<modified>2008-03-28T16:20:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-03-28T16:20:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-03-28T16:20:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.273</id>
		<link rel="related" type="text/html" href="" title="" />
		<summary type="text/plain">If the question is whether the owner of Wrigley Field should sell its naming rights to a sponsor, there is no correct answer.  

However, approaching it from any given perspective, it feels like there is a correct answer—sometimes yes, sometimes no, and sometimes the answer feels very strong.  Unless we have some form of analysis to identify the proper perspective—and we don’t, besides each person choosing her own—this means we’re asking the wrong question.

The right question is much deeper.  It encompasses the inherent tension between baseball as business and baseball as sport, as pastime, as tradition.  It encompasses the tension between our past and our present, our legacy and our policy.  It encompasses the tensions in our country’s changing culture, especially regarding technology, media, and advertising.</summary>
		<dc:subject>On The Naming Rights to Wrigley Field</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=273"><![CDATA[ If the question is whether the owner of Wrigley Field should sell its naming rights to a sponsor, there is no correct answer.  <br />
<br />
However, approaching it from any given perspective, it <i>feels</i> like there is a correct answer—sometimes yes, sometimes no, and sometimes the answer feels very strong.  Unless we have some form of analysis to identify the proper perspective—and we don’t, besides each person choosing her own—this means we’re asking the wrong question.<br />
<br />
The right question is much deeper.  It encompasses the inherent tension between baseball as business and baseball as sport, as pastime, as tradition.  It encompasses the tension between our past and our present, our legacy and our policy.  It encompasses the tensions in our country’s changing culture, especially regarding technology, media, and advertising.<p>It settles more directly on the tensions between winning and profiting.  It’s complicated further by the pressures from respecting and accommodating tradition, and the will of the fans.  It’s even more complicated when you distinguish winning between winning in the sense of in the short term, and in the sense of establishing a baseball team that is run the right way, and therefore has a good chance of being a winning club every season.  The same can go for profiting, for that matter.<br />
<br />
When it appears that something is necessary to improve profits, but this does nothing to (proportionately) improve your chances to win, what does a team do?  To add another level of complication, if this decision in fact goes against the will of your fans and their sense of tradition, what does a team do?  Or in another scenario, when it appears that something is necessary to improve your chances to win, but that will cut into profits, what does a team do?  And so on, because you can tease out all sorts of situations in which these four interests align and combat in different variations.<br />
<br />
It’s not always simple—that’s for sure.  But for the most part, I think the tension between profits and winning will always be primary.  Either one of these goals always has the potential to trump all of the others.<br />
<br />
The real question, then, is this: How do we achieve the proper balance between the competing interests facing baseball teams, and the sport as a whole?<br />
<br />
That’s a question that it would take a book—and maybe a long book—to answer.  <br />
<br />
I have one idea, though: what if we bar certain conglomerate or publicly-traded parent corporations from owning professional baseball teams?  It’s a radical idea, but not as radical as it may seem at first.  I think, on balance, it’s an idea whose benefits far outweigh its drawbacks.  And it certainly speaks to the question of naming rights to Wrigley Field, both as explanation of how we got here in the first place, and for how we might avoid at least a certain kind of unsolvable question in the future.<br />
<br />
On the other hand, is it an idea that would ever gain traction with the powers that be?  Probably not, but maybe.  (And maybe it already has.)  Still, it's worth thinking about, at least insofar as it helps us understand the competing tensions facing baseball, and where the scales may tip in the coming years.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
<i>Different Perspectives on Naming Rights Lead to Different Valid Conclusions</i><br />
<br />
Let’s start at the top, with Sam Zell.  Zell’s main objectives right now are clear.  He has to make the Tribune Company annually profitable, and he has to significantly reduce its several billion dollar debt.  To return the company to health, these are his general <i>legal duties</i>, even putting aside what’s in it for him (admittedly, a lot).  Selling the naming rights for Wrigley Field to a sponsor is practically a free $200- $400 million towards the latter.  Unless someone comes up with a compelling reason to convince Zell and the other directors that this would be bad for the Tribune Company, if there’s a buyer, they probably <i>have</i> to sell (or at the least, risk a lawsuit from the other shareholders for breach of fiduciary duty) besides the obvious point that they undoubtedly want to sell.<br />
<br />
As for the Cubs organization, for the most part, the naming rights will make no difference to them.  To these people, from the President and GM down to the players and down to the staff, Cubs baseball is a job.  Not just a job, but a job that consumes their lives and concentration.  Putting a new name on what’s like their office building makes no difference.  (This probably explains why Carrie Muskat, for example, while acknowledging the impetus comes from Zell, has taken a very matter-of-fact “get over it” tone in her mailbag columns all off-season.   <a href = http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080106&content_id=2340314&vkey=news_chc&fext=.jsp&c_id=chc >Example 1</a>, <a href = http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080303&content_id=2402918&vkey=spt2008news&fext=.jsp&c_id=chc> Example 2</a>,<a href = http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080310&content_id=2417147&vkey=spt2008news&fext=.jsp&c_id=chc > Example 3</a>.)<br />
<br />
For many fans, too, selling the naming rights will for the most part make no difference.  I’ve heard some acknowledge that especially if it helps pay for necessary renovations, then it probably has to be done, and that’s that.  (Although, there’s a problem here: the money can’t go to both 1) pay down the Tribune Company’s debt and 2) pay for renovations to Wrigley Field.  You can surmise for yourself how it will actually play out.)  Even without this concern, many figure they will still call it Wrigley Field, and still watch baseball players throw, hit and catch the ball for nine innings the same as ever.  In other words: no big deal.<br />
<br />
But for many fans, to sell the naming rights to Wrigley Field is blasphemy.  Blasphemy, as in disrespect for something sacred.  And it’s an intriguing position: if not Wrigley Field, is there nothing sacred?  Must we not preserve such hallowed ground, name and all?<br />
<br />
There’s nothing wrong with any of these positions, or their reasoning.  It all depends on your starting perspective, and it’s impossible to favor one perspective over another except in the case one of them happens to be your own.  <br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
<i> What Wrigley Field Represents to Many</i><br />
<br />
I would suggest that for many, or even most of the fans who believe Wrigley Field is sacrosanct, the threat of naming rights demonstrates that the stadium must stand for more than just Wrigley Field as the Friendly Confines, home of the Chicago Cubs.  As an isolated transaction, as we’ve said, tacking a sponsor on to the name will make very little difference to anyone’s individual experience at the ballpark.  This is undeniable.<br />
<br />
But Wrigley Field has come to mean much more to people than even a baseball stadium, symbolizing something mythical and nostalgic and grand.  Something so inherently <i>good</i> that its identity cannot possibly be for sale, that we cannot possibly do anything to seriously compromise it.  In a sense, I think many see Wrigley Field as a general in the battle against the downsides of Progress (capital P).  In large part, I think this is because it’s unique among places—even among baseball stadiums—in creating such a personal <i>relationship</i> with each of its visitors.  Such places that invoke such genuine passion are harder and harder to come by.<br />
<br />
I think the threat of selling naming rights must threaten something deeper because it’s only in my lifetime—I’m 27—the notion of Wrigley Field being sacred and its accompanying mythical status have spread widely.  I also think the reasons for the rise of these emotions have much more to do with everything else in our lives than with Wrigley Field itself.  It’s because our culture and the sport of baseball have changed that Wrigley Field now stands out as a symbol, a reminder, and a beacon.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
<i>Changes in the Last 25 Years</i><br />
<br />
It’s not hard to paint the sea changes in our culture in broad strokes.  Corporations and especially conglomerates are exponentially bigger and wealthier.  Technology has transformed practically every aspect of our lives, especially with respect to the information we receive, and how we communicate; and more generally, how we spend our time.  Related to this, the media has become much more concerned with itself as entertainment also, and advertising has become even more omnipresent and sophisticated.<br />
<br />
Our cities have changed as well.  What many would call the good neighborhoods in the great cities have become more cosmopolitan, but at the same time more expensive and exclusive.  (Call it Convenient Cosmopolitanism, perhaps.)  Taking Wrigleyville and others in Chicago as examples, the neighborhoods are no longer inhabited by Blue Collar workers, because homes are not affordable.  Of course, blue collar jobs—at least in manufacturing—no longer drive the city’s economy anyway.<br />
<br />
All of this both for worse and for better, and this is not the forum to advance concerns, celebrations, or profundities about our culture.  It’s beyond complicated.  Let’s just say our lives are radically different, and leave tensions between for better and for worse alone.<br />
<br />
The differences have been significant for baseball, though, and this matters fundamentally to the feelings we have about Wrigley Field, and its name.  Across baseball, prices have soared—ticket prices, merchandising revenues, sponsorship and broadcasting deals, and as a result profits.  So have salaries, of course—all this money has to go <i>somewhere</i>.  For that matter, the last 15 years have seen a renaissance among the quality of baseball stadiums themselves.<br />
<br />
Technology, media coverage, and advertising with respect to baseball have also changed.  Our exposure to the sport is virtually limitless via technology, and media and advertisers try to capitalize on this increased exposure as much as they can.  For better and worse, we see, think about, and feel about the game differently than we ever could have 25 years ago.  <br />
<br />
Considering fans as a whole, winning matters more than ever, because the stakes are higher than ever—not just in terms of correlative profits for teams, but for the peripheral media and advertisers who also draw on the increased attention a winning team merits.  Winning also matters more than ever because it’s easier to care more about a team than ever.  <br />
<br />
Baseball is distinct in our culture, though, for its tradition.  For <i>representing</i> tradition.  For preserving certain rhythms and patterns, certain emotions and conversations, across lives and across generations.  For many of us, this tradition genuinely matters.  A lot.<br />
<br />
This is especially true because there are fewer institutions that preserve rhythms and patterns the way that baseball does.  There are fewer institutions that provide limitless material for good-natured arguments and debates.  For drama that becomes part of our permanent memory.  For catharsis.  For knowing you were a tiny part of something much bigger—something that matters.  In all of this, its influence and its ability to withstand time, for those of us who invest ourselves in the game, baseball truly is institution, not just entertainment.<br />
<br />
For many Cubs fans, Wrigley Field embodies all this tradition, and does so more passionately every day as—and I’d suggest, because—it changes much, much less than the neighborhood, city, country and culture around it.  It's a reminder of what's worth preserving from our past as so much of our culture is remade anew.  It's also a sanctuary for the present, and a sign of hope that when our culture seems in decay, not everything that is good must suffer to the point of suffocation.  The myth of Wrigley Field is relative to the world around it, then, but nevertheless very real—at least in the minds of those who stop and examine our world.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
<i>My Take on the Naming Rights</i><br />
<br />
Personally, I fall somewhere between those fans who see the sale of naming rights as no big deal and those who see it as disrespectful.  <br />
<br />
I’m under no illusions about why Wrigley Field is held sacred, and why it became so in the last 25 years.  The problem is not with preserving Wrigley Field; it’s with finding ways to preserve in our culture those ideals Wrigley Field represents.  Although preserving Wrigley Field is one great way of doing this.  Still, frankly, I don’t think selling naming rights seriously threatens Wrigley Field’s status or stature.  I’d gladly trade corporate sponsorship for a cell-phone ban (text messages OK), holding back a few thousand tickets for day of game sales, and fewer in-stadium advertisements.<br />
<br />
But I also ask a simple question: Who benefits from the sale?  The Tribune Company, first, and the sponsor, second.  The Tribune Company will get pure profit it can use to pay off its debt, whether it sells the naming rights before it sells Wrigley Field, or if it sells Wrigley Field at a higher price to a buyer who knows it can turn and sell the naming rights to recoup part of its cost of purchase.  Even if the money is earmarked for stadium improvements (unlikely) the stadium will be that much more valuable as a result of the improvements, so the profit stays about the same.  The sponsor also benefits, for all the reasons companies always benefit from advertising.  It's the team and the fans who definitely do not benefit.<br />
<br />
(Although, if you’re a cynic, you might ask: do companies really profit more than they spend on such a sponsorship via increased revenues?  And if not, you might ask: so why do they do it?  And you might wonder: is it because by law the company has to either spend much of the money they’re sitting on for the good of the company, or give it to shareholders—and they get enough wiggle room with “for the good of the company” to spend on just about anything that might possibly help the company even a little bit?  And: if the directors and officers happen to get benefits like access to a corporate suite for some prime Cubs games as a byproduct, is that actually a coincidence?  But of course, that’s only if you’re a cynic.  And who knows—maybe companies really do see huge revenue increases from the insane amounts of money they spend on advertising generally, and sponsorship in particular.  Or maybe it helps them make deals with other companies whose leadership loves the Cubs—deals that otherwise would not be made.  I have no idea.  Just thinking aloud.)<br />
<br />
Back to the matter at hand, is it OK for the ownership to profit if it doesn’t help the team and the fans, even if it only—and arguably—harms the fans in some non-tangible and probably ephemeral sense?<br />
<br />
In the case of naming rights for Wrigley Field, I think the point is moot: the deal will be done because Zell must make the sale.  We’re just lucky that something bigger than the naming rights of Wrigley Field isn’t at stake, meaning that the team is just as likely to win whether the deal is made or not.  In some deals—such as when pending free agent stars must be sold, let go, or traded for prospects or lower-salaried players—many teams are not so fortunate.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
<i>A Step Towards Avoiding Precarious Decisions Between Profits and Winning</i><br />
<br />
It’s those sort of deals, where teams must sacrifice something that will help them win, that concern me.  It’s important at the outset to distinguish between situations where teams must sacrifice an asset (but expense) to stay afloat, or in the interest of long-term development.  There’s no problem with this, other than it’s unfortunate for the sport as a whole that some teams must always do this while others don’t.<br />
<br />
But it seems that the day is coming when ownership might look at its baseball club, and determine that while its club is profitable, profits will be higher by releasing an expense without regard to the team’s winning, its fans, or its sense of tradition.  <br />
<br />
When we think about the slightly declining but still good veteran all-star on a team whose most likely hope seems to finish around .500 even with the veteran, perhaps we can see that this day, or a day close to it, has already come.  <br />
<br />
Let’s say ownership has two options: pay a high salary—say, $12 million—for the team’s veteran all-star who has played almost his entire career with the team and who will almost certainly put up good numbers, or another decent player who will put up alright numbers for $2 million.  (In this example, there’s no one else available to sign who will put up better numbers than the decent player.)  To keep it simple, let’s say that with the all-star, there’s a 90% chance the team will still finish 81-81 or slightly worse, and because of the high salary, profits that go to the owner (after taking out enough to pad for next year’s operations) will be about $32 million.  There’s a 10% chance the team will do better and make the playoffs, meaning profits will be about $52 million.  On the other hand, with the decent player, there’s a 90% chance the team will finish 75-87 or so, but profits will be about $40 million (say, -$2 million in lost merchandise revenue etc., and lost ticket sales at the very end of the season, but +$8 million from paying lower salary), and only a 1% chance the team will make the playoffs, where profits will be $60 million.  These simplified numbers aren’t too far from what a real decision might look like, I’d say, even if reality is always much more complicated with additional risks and factors.<br />
<br />
Should ownership re-sign the all-star because of the player’s place in history, the sentiment of the fans, or to try and finish 81-81 with a 10% chance of playoffs instead of 75-87 with a 1% chance of playoffs?    It’s not hard to see how the decision analysis plays out.  Even if there’s a loss of reputation and goodwill for releasing the all-star that’s worth a few million dollars, the decision is clear.  Since the 10% chance of making the playoffs is only worth an extra $20 million, meaning it’s worth $2 million in decision analysis, there’s no rational-economic reason to sign the all-star.  On the other hand, if you approach it in terms of winning, or in terms of tradition, or in terms of the fans—in terms of baseball—it’s clear you should sign the all-star and forsake the <i>extra</i> profits.<br />
<br />
The problem is that certain corporations not only won’t eschew going for extra profits, certain corporations in almost every case <i>can’t</i> eschew the profits—namely, publicly traded corporations, conglomerates, parent corporations who own lots of large subsidiaries, and the like.  Such corporations and their directors and officers have duties to their shareholders such that they must try and maximize profitability.  This is why, back to the beginning, Zell must sell the naming rights.  It’s true that corporations have some leeway in deciding along these lines to preserve good will and so on; but if ever the corporation is hovering near the red, this leeway diminishes as mounting pressure from concerned shareholders increases.<br />
<br />
This is why I think baseball should prevent such companies from owning baseball teams.  This is the only practical way to avoid a situation where a corporation who owns a baseball team as a subsidiary corporation will not pressure or even force the baseball team’s officers to make decisions in terms of profits instead of winning in circumstances where the two do not align.  (For that matter, this is why it’s a good thing that the Tribune Company, an at-risk corporation, is selling the Cubs.)  The only other way to do this that I can think of would be to pass a law or a rule forbidding parent corporations who own baseball teams from influencing the directors and officers of the baseball team in a way that would compromise the integrity of the team—meaning you can’t pressure or force them decide in favor of profits—and this invites a whole host of other issues.<br />
<br />
There’s nothing to say another kind of owner <i>couldn’t</i> do the same thing.  It’s that another kind of owner has the choice.  There’s also the fact that it’s easier to hold a traditional owner (or partnership) accountable for success or failure.  Love em or hate em, it’s easier for fans to hold people like George Steinbrenner or Marge Schott or Mike Illitch or Mark Cuban accountable.  Such people also are much more likely to be willing to sacrifice extra money for the sake of winning—they know this going in, and approach owning the team not strictly in investment terms.<br />
<br />
Make no mistake: most baseball teams are good investments, with steady profits, and the chance at a huge payout every once in a while.  It’s no wonder large corporations want to own (most of) them.  The problem is that it’s much harder to insulate the baseball teams from the pressures facing the owner, and in the case of certain corporations, at times the pressure from shareholders may be inescapable and insurmountable.<br />
<br />
When I presented this idea to KJM, he immediately retorted that this flies in the face of free trade—how can you tell a corporation what it can and cannot own?  <br />
<br />
This is true, but it’s also unfair.  The business of baseball—and other sports leagues—plays by different laws anyway.  They are exempt from all sorts of anti-trust laws allowing them to collude with their competitors in lots of ways other companies can’t, restrain competition, and so on.  This is why baseball owners get the right to approve or deny new owners.  And it’s pretty clear that baseball needs these exemptions in order to thrive in its healthiest form.<br />
<br />
But part of the deal could be to restrict ownership.  Baseball could do this on its own, or the government could force it.  Companies like Liberty Media (Braves, who were formerly owned by AOL Time Warner), Nintendo (Mariners), and Rogers Communications (Blue Jays), besides companies like the Tribune Company, could all face a situation where the pressure from shareholders translates into a squeeze on the operations of the baseball team.  This, I think, must be avoided.  The example of the sale of naming rights to Wrigley Field demonstrates how certain decisions in the realm of baseball will be decided in terms of profits, and we’re just lucky it’s profits vs. certain fan sentiment and tradition—most of which is circumstantial and not inherent anyway—and not profits vs. winning.<br />
<br />
Maybe it would never play out that way.  Maybe a huge corporation will always sell the team if it reaches the point where it needs to squeeze extra money out of the team.  But why risk it?<br />
<br />
It seems that MLB may be going that way in any case.  NewsCorp used to own the Dodgers, and Disney used to own the Angels; now, both are back in the hands of non-corporate owners.  So maybe MLB has figured this out, and won’t let big corporate owners into the club.  I hope so.  But why not make it part of baseball’s official policy?<br />
<br />
Baseball will continue to face all sorts of problems resulting from the tensions between baseball as business and baseball as sport.  Finding the balance is not going to be easy, but it's necessary.  This is, I would suggest, a solid step in the right direction.<br />
<br />
Back to the point, if you want to blame someone when the naming rights to Wrigley Field are sold, blame MLB, the owners, or anyone else you can pin it on for letting the Tribune Corporation own the Cubs in the first place.  It was fine for a while, but as inevitable, the day is arriving when shareholder pressure will win, and the bottom line will dictate decision-making.  Someone should have seen this coming a long time ago.  Let’s just be glad it didn’t come in the form of letting some of the Cubs best players go to other teams, and focus on what <i>we</i> care about: the Cubs winning baseball games. ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>jcb</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>What Baseball's Comprehensive Steroids Policy Needs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=272" />
		<modified>2008-01-25T17:18:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2008-01-25T17:18:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2008-01-25T17:18:00-07:00</created>
		<id>tag:agonyivy,2008:agonyivy.272</id>
		<link rel="related" type="text/html" href="" title="" />
		<summary type="text/plain">Many of the games I’ve attended at Wrigley Field and about two dozen other stadiums blend together.  This is inevitable when you attend so many; when baseball consumes a significant part of your life.  Certain ones stand out though, and it's one of these on my mind today: Friday the 21st of August, 1998.

It was a hot, hazy, humid afternoon.  Typical for Chicago in August.  (Miserable.)  It was also the weekend I moved in to my non-airconditioned dorm as a freshman in college.

We parked off of Roscoe Street because in those days you could still find free parking off of Roscoe if you got there early enough.  Kerry Wood pitched against Orel Hersheiser that afternoon.  The Cubs came from behind in the bottom of the ninth.  Sammy Sosa singled; Mark Grace walked; Henry Rodriguez singled; Jose Hernandez singled; and the Cubs won 6-5.  We stayed until the end and drove away slowly, stuck in traffic, completely drained, but also completely content.

Earlier in the game, Sosa hit his 49th homerun.

Steroids?  Not on our radar that day.  Not really.  Sosa’s and McGwire’s homerun chase?  Very much on our radar, as was the Cubs role in the wild card race.  How could we have known that soon a cloud would hang over this era, this season, even perhaps this game?  That Sosa, while never proven, would become a strongly suspected steroid user?  That weeks later, Bonds would see the acclaim for Sosa and McGwire, probably leading to his own steroid use in the following years, and probably now a trial for perjury?  

* * *
There’s an analytic concept that has proven useful to me recently in thinking about steroids and baseball.  It’s not perfect, but it’s helped me grapple with not only what baseball should do, going forward, but also how I think—and feel—about assessing blame and culpability looking back.  The concept is the distinction between rules and standards, a distinction between types and forms of laws that I’ll explain in a moment.</summary>
		<dc:subject>What Baseball's Comprehensive Steroids Policy Needs</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=272"><![CDATA[ Many of the games I’ve attended at Wrigley Field and about two dozen other stadiums blend together.  This is inevitable when you attend so many; when baseball consumes a significant part of your life.  Certain ones stand out though, and it's one of these on my mind today: Friday the 21st of August, 1998.<br />
<br />
It was a hot, hazy, humid afternoon.  Typical for Chicago in August.  (Miserable.)  It was also the weekend I moved in to my non-airconditioned dorm as a freshman in college.<br />
<br />
We parked off of Roscoe Street because in those days you could still find free parking off of Roscoe if you got there early enough.  Kerry Wood pitched against Orel Hersheiser that afternoon.  The Cubs came from behind in the bottom of the ninth.  Sammy Sosa singled; Mark Grace walked; Henry Rodriguez singled; Jose Hernandez singled; and the Cubs won 6-5.  We stayed until the end and drove away slowly, stuck in traffic, completely drained, but also completely content.<br />
<br />
Earlier in the game, Sosa hit his 49th homerun.<br />
<br />
Steroids?  Not on our radar that day.  Not really.  Sosa’s and McGwire’s homerun chase?  <i>Very</i> much on our radar, as was the Cubs role in the wild card race.  How could we have known that soon a cloud would hang over this era, this season, even perhaps this game?  That Sosa, while never proven, would become a strongly suspected steroid user?  That weeks later, Bonds would see the acclaim for Sosa and McGwire, probably leading to his own steroid use in the following years, and probably now a trial for perjury?  <br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
There’s an analytic concept that has proven useful to me recently in thinking about steroids and baseball.  It’s not perfect, but it’s helped me grapple with not only what baseball should do, going forward, but also how I think—and feel—about assessing blame and culpability looking back.  The concept is the distinction between rules and standards, a distinction between types and forms of laws that I’ll explain in a moment.<p>At the least, it’s helped me avoid the temptation of just <i>not thinking</i> about it at all because it’s all just so fouled up.  It is, all of it, very very fouled up.  Every time there’s new news, like the Mitchell Report or the Tejada investigation or the Clemens case, part of me wants to put on my headphones and listen to the new Iron & Wine album because at least in the steel guitar pickup there’s undeniable purity of quality.<br />
<br />
Still, we—those of us who love baseball—have to talk about it because the issue isn’t going anywhere any time soon.  A problem in most of these conversations is that there are so many faces to the issue that it’s easy to get confused, and hard to consider them analytically.  Ultimately, we all look back at a stain on our pastime and see the colors of guilt from just about everyone involved, including perhaps ourselves, the fans.<br />
<br />
It’s a mess that will probably prove impossible to completely unpack.  In part, that’s because there are some things that will remain secret; some skeletons will remain hidden.  But I think it’s worth thinking about the mess anyway, even from my armchair, thinking about where we all might go from here to fix it, and in the course of doing so, how we got here in the first place.  If you agree, read on.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
Over Christmas, talking about the Bonds indictment and rumors of the Mitchell report, one person presented a familiar argument that rubbed me the wrong way: If it wasn’t against the rules at the time, how can we say it was wrong for the players to use?<br />
<br />
It’s a tempting argument on its face, but flawed.  It’s tempting because it’s constitutional.  Article 1 section 9 prohibits <i>ex post facto</i> laws, meaning that you can’t declare doing something illegal and then punish someone for doing it before you declared it illegal.  This is one of our cornerstone checks on tyranny, ensuring that our innocent behavior will not be treated as criminal.<br />
<br />
The argument as applied to the use of steroids is flawed in two ways.  (For me, in this article, I use “steroids” as a representative for the class meant to encompass all the performance enhancing drugs, hormones, amphetamines, chemicals and whatever else you might want to lump in.)  The easy flaw: it’s not true because using <i>was</i> against the rules at the time.  The hard flaw: it’s not true because it was still wrong even if, in some cases, it was not against the rules, because it was still against the rules in another sense.<br />
<br />
Let’s dispense with the easy flaw.  Without having the time to go into detailed research, from what I remember and what I’ve gathered in my research, many of the substances currently at issue were not allowed to be taken under MLB’s various drug policies, at least since 2003 when testing began.  More importantly, even if the drug policy was absent, or silent on the point, the substances were mainly <i>illegal</i> to use because either they weren’t approved by the FDA yet, or required a prescription, or were only to be used in certain medical procedures and recoveries.  For example, that’s one reason—along with the accompanying tax fraud—why the government went after Balco in the first place.  Balco’s designer steroid, THG, was new and unapproved.  After it was discovered, the FDA promptly banned it.<br />
<br />
Baseball has never held itself above the law on this point: Even after former commissioner Peter Ueberroth got rid of baseball’s <i>formal</i> drug policy in the mid 80s, players like Dwight Gooden were still suspended for violating the commissioner’s drug policy by taking cocaine, an illegal narcotic.  (See on this example Claire Smith’s <a href = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9405E2D6143CF93AA15755C0A962958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=print > brief article for the <i>New York Times</i> from 1994 titled <i>Drug Use: Still a Hushed-Up Secret in Baseball </i></a>.)  Baseball can add <i>extra</i> banned substances by its own policy, but the base threshold is still what’s illegal.  Even in a case like Mark McGwire and Androstenedione—banned at the time McGwire admitted taking it (1998) by the NFL and International Olympic Committee but not by baseball, and not illegal to possess (or sell over the counter) until it became a controlled substance under the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2004—if McGwire used anything else, leading to his refusal to testify a few years ago, it was probably illegal.  The Commissioner’s office made it clear that baseball’s policy incorporates and includes the law in <a href = http://news.findlaw.com/legalnews/sports/drugs/policy/baseball/index.html> a memorandum to all the teams from 1997</a>.   “The basic drug policy for the game is simply stated: There is no place for illegal drug use in Baseball.”<br />
<br />
On to the harder point then: the larger sense of the rules of the sport of baseball that using steroids violated.  But first, I think it’s more helpful to begin by looking forward before we look back.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
Here is where the analytic distinction between rules and standards comes in.  In comparing forms of laws, loosely a rule is a law whose content is figured out ahead of time; a standard is a law whose content is decided afterward, on a case-by-case sort of basis.  An easy example: prohibiting driving in excess of 55 miles per hour on expressways (rule), or prohibiting driving at an excessive speed on expressways (standard).  Even though the latter does not tell someone—especially someone unfamiliar with driving—what will be legal, it’s not a violation of the Constitution’s <i>ex post facto</i> clause.  It’s just a generally worded law, and we have plenty of those.  We <i>need</i> plenty of those.<br />
<br />
(The explanation here and throughout and this example comes from Harvard Law Professor Louis Kaplow’s article "Rules Versus Standards: An Economic Analysis" published a little over 15 years ago in the Duke Law Journal, outlining the importance of the distinction, and providing a surface economic-analysis roadmap of considerations to help one determine when a certain form is preferable over the other.  Legal citation: 42 Duke L.J. 557.)<br />
<br />
As applied to a sport’s drug policy, the rule part comes in listing the banned substances.  About these, there can be no mistake: the presence of the chemical = guilt (leaving aside the question of whether it matters if a player used "knowingly").  This list can be exhaustive and comprehensive, like the International Olympic Committee’s or the World Anti-Doping Agency’s, which I studied a little bit last summer in my international sports law class.  (WADA’s 2008 list is <a href = http://www.wada-ama.org/rtecontent/document/2008_List_En.pdf> available on-line</a>, and neatly organized.)  The list, many argue, may even go too far, banning things entirely that may not deserve to be banned so strictly.<br />
<br />
To a certain extent, Baseball’s <a href = http://fl1.findlaw.com/news.findlaw.com/usatoday/docs/sports/mlbdrugpolicy05.pdf> current policy</a> (a.k.a. Joint Drug Prevention and Treatment Program) does this as well, although less extensively.  Note also that baseball’s policy specifically ties itself to government lists, such that if the government finds and declares a new steroid on the right list, it becomes banned in baseball.  Baseball also bans taking steroids that are not on the lists but are obtained unlawfully, which I read to cover prescription-only steroids, etc.<br />
<br />
The problem with employing this rule-based approach exclusively is that it creates a potential race between the scientists and the policy-makers.  It leaves open a possible time-window, or gap, where technology is ahead of the policy declaring it illegal (or OK).  Kaplow talks about this in his article (page 600), saying that in a pretty analogous situation—disposal of hazardous substances—rules may not be appropriate because we cannot foresee all potential hazards; “some hazards, and how best to address them, may become apparent when they arise.”  <br />
<br />
WADA, for example, tries to minimize this by staying on top of the situation as best it can and banning new things as fast as they appear.  It also has a large research budget to expend.  I’m guessing our government’s budget for this is pretty sizable as well, although the FDA is probably less concerned with athletes specifically as with the general public health at large.<br />
<br />
The problem with the gap is not necessarily in finding new steroids, though, because those may be presumed illegal to take until approved by the FDA; although, this gap might exist in certain other such substances, depending on the facts (such as whether a substance is a derivative of a banned substance, or a new compound altogether).  The gap problem in the long term is really in things like blood-doping, or gene therapy, or really, in the methods—technologies—no one’s dreamed of yet.  (I mention these two because WADA takes the step of prohibiting <i>methods</i> of doping, like these two, basically saying that blood doping / artificially enhancing oxygen intake, and genetic manipulation, are against the rules however you may figure out how to do it.)<br />
<br />
That’s where a system employing both rules and standards comes in, because a standard can give you a lot more flexibility in deciding that something was against the rules even though at the time the rule was made one could not even comprehend the situation’s existence.  Copyright law has something of a mixture like this, for example, by giving copyright protection not to specific types of works, but to categories of works.  It protects “literary works” instead of specifically books, newspapers, etc.; “motion pictures” not film reels.  That’s why even though the statute was passed in 1976, it had no problem protecting DVDs when they arrived on the scene.<br />
<br />
So what would a standard look like for a baseball drug policy?  Think about what the policy is trying to achieve.  In its simplest then, it could look something like this: A player may not (knowingly) use any substance, or employ any procedure or method, that will (A) put any player’s health unreasonably in danger; (B) give a player an unfair advantage over another player; (C) undermine the integrity of the sport of baseball because its use or employment is contrary to baseball’s values.<br />
<br />
(The case for (C) is weaker than the other two, one may argue, because it invites giving too much power to an adjudicator to take the focus away from the facts at hand in any specific situation.  Whether or not you like having (C) depends on how much you trust the adjudicator, I suppose.  Also, I put “knowingly” in parentheses because that’s a debate for another day.  WADA, for example, imposes strict liability, saying in its Article 2.1.1 that it’s the athlete’s duty to ensure that no prohibited substance enters his or her body, and saying explicitly that intent, fault, negligence, or knowing use is not necessary to find a violation.  One rationale is that for a world-class athlete, even if the athlete doesn't know what's in something the athlete uses, it's at least negligent or even reckless for an athlete to let anything in his body without being certain it's approved.  It’s certainly a simpler rule to enforce, anyway, even if it runs counter to many of our proper instincts about justice.)<br />
<br />
Now, I’m not saying that this type of standard should be the <i>only</i> policy.  It should exist alongside the rules, as a way of plugging the gap.  The rules then also serve as a guideline to help inform someone guessing whether a new substance or procedure will be determined illegal.  For that matter, having the threat of an open-ended policy encourages someone who’s unsure to request a preliminary ruling before using.  (Assuming the baseball policy-makers allow for preliminary rulings, which I’d strongly suggest they should.)  Combined with strict penalties, you begin to have a much more comprehensive policy this way.<br />
<br />
Another point worth making is that chances are, because the specific rules are (and will be) fairly comprehensive, there will not be very many instances that have to be considered under this part of the policy, the standard.  As Kaplow points out, this is when standards work best: if the frequency of adjudicating is low, why bother expending a lot of effort determining what the answer will be in a lot of situations that will never even come up?  Granted, in the case of baseball, if we didn’t have a good list of what’s illegal from the government, and what’s further illegal for baseball, we would have a <b>lot</b> of cases to decide.  The amount of money at stake guarantees this.  But, given those lists we’ve already developed, what we’re concerned about is the gap, the inevitable race against technology, and for that I think we need a standard.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
Next comes the more interesting part, at least for me, looking back and considering blame.  How can all this business about having a standard to fill in the gap help us think about the ethical aspect of the last era?  I think it’s easy: just pretend that the standard I suggest <i>actually was</i>  in the policy.  To the extent that you think this was the <i>implied</i> policy, then, you can see who followed it.  (Call it what you like: an unwritten rule, an implied agreement, a necessary ingredient of sports as sports.)<br />
<br />
Quite specifically: if you admit that throughout its history, past present and future, because of the nature and integrity of the sport or for any other reason, a baseball player should never do anything to gain an unfair advantage over his opponent, especially something that risks his or another player’s health, and that players knew or should have known this, then some people—I’d conclude—stand guilty in one sense regardless of what the policy said, or whether a policy even existed.<br />
<br />
It doesn’t give you definite, objective answers.  It may not even give you personal answers.  I just happen to think it’s a useful way of asking the question.<br />
<br />
Two points up front.<br />
<br />
One, I don’t want to get stuck on “unfair.”  Doctoring the baseball is unfair; hiring a trainer to coach you through the latest exercise techniques to improve your strength is probably not.  Stealing signs is unfair; using the brand new cleats that slip less frequently is almost certainly not (at least as long as they’re available to the public).  Between these boundaries there’s a lot of shades of gray, and I don’t have the wherewithal to try and parse them.  Suffice it to say that I think secretly using steroids in the way many of these players did is unfair.<br />
<br />
Second, it’s not just the players who stand guilty in this thought exercise, at least in my mind, because on this, a whole lot of people were complicit by various degrees of letting unfair advantages happen, or even encouraging them.<br />
<br />
It’s on this second point that I wish to dwell for a minute.  I have said several times in the past years, when asked, that I don’t know what to think about it, all of the blame for the steroids mess, because there’s about 8 different levels of complicity.  8’s not just an arbitrary number though.  On the one line, there’s American culture at large, the federal government, MLB, the player’s union, the teams themselves, and the players, and on another line under culture at large, there’s the media as an institution, and fans.  To varying degrees that we let unfair advantages happen, or didn’t try to stop them, or even wanted them to exist on some level for our own enjoyment or gain—to whatever extent we knew or should have known and didn’t at least question, we’re all complicit.  Like I said: a mess.<br />
<br />
But at least this concept of a standard alongside the rules gives us a lens through which to ask the question.  It lets me have a reason to justify why I remain upset at a player who violated the spirit of baseball even if he did not violate a technical policy.<br />
<br />
And there’s more.  This looking back matters because as a sport—with a hall of fame, but more—baseball and all of its fans have to decide how posterity will view the players of this era.  Obviously we can’t retroactively punish the players who took steroids directly with fines or suspensions or expulsions, at least in the legally gray area cases; this is the <i>ex post facto</i> concern.  We don’t literally punish anyone for breaking “unwritten” laws.  But I have no problem saying that if I were a hall of fame voter, I would not vote in someone who I believed to have an unfair advantage over his peers because of steroid use.  And in a few extreme cases, I don’t mind the asterisk if it stands for “had an unfair advantage.”<br />
<br />
I think for posterity there are three categories of players, then, in this light.  Players, like Bonds, who definitely used, who definitely had an unfair advantage.  (Remember, Bonds definitely used; the litigation involves whether he used “knowingly.”)  Players, like utility players, about whom posterity will not care very much either way.  And players about whom we will always wonder.  On this last category, innocent until proven guilty remains my instinct.  I’m also inclined to think that strong circumstantial evidence, even if not conclusive proof, matters in my calculations.  But it gets more difficult when there’s only suspicion, not even strong circumstantial evidence.  I guess it’s those situations that will always leave the era itself marked with an asterisk.<br />
<br />
At the top level of culpability, our culture at large, this brings me to something I’ve been mulling over: is it proper to say that (especially) because of the unique value of baseball’s history and statistics, we should outlaw any unfair advantage a player has over <i>players of another era</i>?  This is a tricky one, because it forces us to admit that some things, like advances in proper training technique and surgery for injury, definitely give players of our era an advantage over players of another, earlier era.  We don’t want to say those things are outlawed because, in fact, they <i>improve</i> health.  The answer comes if we say that any comparison is by the numbers, and if everyone in the era has these advantages, the numbers will even themselves out.  The problem with this answer is that once we go this step, why not give everyone the same advantages with steroids?<br />
<br />
Why not make steroids legal?  Or, admitting the distinction, why not allow at least those substances and techniques that do not threaten health?  (Assuming there are any.)<br />
<br />
The only answer I can think of is that of cost.  Advances in technology are expensive.  As a result, players at the top salaries, or playing for the best-funded teams, will employ those resources to take advantage of the newest technology technically available to everyone.  More, even if players in the major leagues can all afford something, players in the minors, or in college, cannot, except for a few, and if not banned, the problem of unfair advantage will just trickle down.<br />
<br />
But that’s not an insurmountable challenge, this one, to ensure that a substance or technique is available to everyone (affordable) for it to be allowed.  Ultimately though, and more importantly, I think it betrays the tension between our belief that in fact our society is improving with technology, but that sports are better in some sense without it.  That the game was purer in simpler times.  <br />
<br />
But really, absent concerns for health, the problem with performance-enhancers is not the performance-enhancer per se, it’s the unfair advantage it gives one player over another.  So, unless as a culture we want to slow our thirst for technology, we’d all do well to try, proactively, to encourage across-the-board improvement in performance enhancers so far as—a very big “if”—they meet the threshold health concerns.  In doing so, though, at the same time we have to make sure certain players do not receive an unfair advantage.<br />
<br />
In a culture like ours, where technology inevitably will improve and where in most cases we want it to, I think this is the only way to actually preserve the integrity of the sport.  As much as a part of me wishes we could, we cannot put a fence around baseball with a sign saying “No technology allowed.”  Instead, it’s a matter of making sure that as technology advances, the way sports leverage it remains positive: healthily, and fairly.<br />
<br />
<center>* * *</center><br />
What happens if baseball doesn’t undertake a sort of policy like I suggest, incorporating a standard alongisde its rules?<br />
<br />
Maybe nothing.  Maybe no one cares if some players have an unfair advantage.  Or, maybe the market will force the players to police themselves in ensuring no one has unfair advantages because otherwise fans will stop paying to watch.  Maybe it will be a factor, anyway, to the point that baseball, and its players and teams, police themselves with a standard because they stand to make <i>less</i> money without one as a certain group of fans leave.  It may turn out to matter, then, how many of us turn out to care.<br />
<br />
I’d rather baseball were proactive, though, and not wait to find out.<br />
<br />
As for why, I’m thinking about a book I read recently, <i>In the Shadow of the Law</i>, a novel by Kermit Roosevelt (2005).  Among other things, with most characters easily separable in the end as good or evil, it recalls the evolution of a fictional law-firm itself from good to evil, a change that occurred in the era when hostile corporate takeovers became the catapult for big law firms to reach a new level of stature.  Stature, and wealth, but at the expense of becoming evil, as Roosevelt depicts it for this firm.  (Although, we may need to take any such depiction with a grain of salt.  For the drama to work, in order for certain of his characters to be good, as the story unfolds the firm and its corporate client must be evil in a flat, simplistic way.  Over-simplistic, compared to real firms, certainly.)<br />
<br />
To do some over-simplifying myself, the transition of the firm coincided with the transition in leadership from father Archie (good) to son Peter (evil).  In a flashback, the mind and voice of Archie uses the distinction between rules and standards to explain what—in his mind—went wrong with the big firms, and the law itself to a certain extent.  As the systems governing the behavior of lawyers transitioned from standards to only rules, so the practice of law devolved.  A couple of quotes from chapter 21:<br />
<br />
<br />
 [At first, good lawyers stayed away from helping corporations with hostile takeovers.]  <br />
<br />
     “The recent mergers created nothing, as far as he could see, beyond fees for the bankers.  And they were accomplished in a different manner—a sudden offer to buy up outstanding shares, a veiled threat that those who held on would be squeezed out at a lower price once the acquisition was complete, the devouring in an instant of a company built through years of toil and sacrifice. . . . Takeovers were something no self-respecting lawyer would touch.  Reputation was hard to come by and easy to lose.”<br />
<br />
<br />
[But the pressure for lawyers to participate in hostile takeovers was growing, especially as the law began to take shape in establishing rules regulating such takeovers.  With this, implicitly, rules took shape regulating what lawyers could do for their part to ensure such takeovers were legal.]<br />
<br />
     “The unspoken understandings that had guided generations of lawyers were unraveling; the bar’s attempts at self-regulation were increasingly in effective.  Then discipline was farmed out to the courts, and that, Archie thought, was the last straw.  We handed our ethics to the courts, and the courts gave us back law.  And who better than a lawyer to get around the law, to exploit the elasticity of a phrase, to dance along the knife edge of the permissible?  That was what ethical canons had instructed them not to do, and ethics resisted casuistry—at least, the bar’s Protestant ethics did.  But law did not; law would never constrain lawyers in the way professional norms had.  No rule of professional conduct would tell you not to participate in a hostile takeover.  There was only the understanding that such things just weren’t done.<br />
     And then they <i>were</i> done, even by the best firms, and the lawyers of Morgan Stevens began to wonder if they could afford to stand aside.”<br />
<br />
<br />
[Looking back, Archie summarizes his regret for what transpired to his son.]<br />
<br />
     “There used to be standards, Peter.  That’s all.  There used to be standards, and now there are only rules.  There used to be work that gentlemen wouldn’t do.  If you don’t have that, how can you have gentlemen?”<br />
<br />
<br />
The caveats: again, it’s an over-simplification to call hostile takeovers evil; though in many cases, especially in that era, undoubtedly they were at least sketchy.  And, of course many lawyers must have and must still resist the temptation to dance around the technicalities of the law; many lawyers still follow, and many always will follow, the spirit of the law.  Most lawyers, I'd even suggest.  For that matter, at least as I've studied them, there are plenty of both rules <i>and</i> standards governing the behavior of lawyers.  More, it’s not a perfect comparison between the ethics of lawyers, and the ethics of baseball players; undoubtedly we want to hold lawyers to the highest ethical criterion, and I’m not going to get into the criterion to which we want to hold ballplayers, even if it's also very high in some respects such as steroid use.<br />
<br />
But the point stands: if you take away the standards, and the consequences of violating them, leaving only rules, you create the temptation for many to find ways to get around the rules, rather than follow the rules’ spirit.<br />
<br />
In the case of baseball, I’m suggesting instead <i>adding</i> a standard alongside the rules comprising baseball’s drug policy with tangible consequences for violating it.  A reason is that I fear that the impact of intangible consequences—loss of reputation—will erode as the monetary gains from employing tactics to gain an unfair advantage continue to grow.  That’s in one sense what we see in reading Archie's account of what happened to lawyers in the era of hostile takeovers, as the notion of “unfair” evaporated, replaced by a set of increasingly complex rules and a race to find ways around them.  Even if the account is not perfectly accurate, I suspect many would say there’s probably some truth in it nonetheless.<br />
<br />
To me, it’s all the more important because I happen to think the standard has existed as an unwritten rule in baseball from the beginning.  In our era, then, as our culture changes, it may now be time to write it down.  You know, before it’s too late.<br />
<br />
(Editor’s note: MLB.com has a fine <a href = http://mlb.mlb.com/mlb/news/drug_policy.jsp?content=timeline> drug policy timeline on its website.</a> ) ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>jcb</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
	<entry>
		<title>Leaving Wrigleyville</title>
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		<modified>2005-07-30T02:28:00-07:00</modified>
		<issued>2005-07-30T02:28:00-07:00</issued>
		<created>2005-07-30T02:28:00-07:00</created>
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		<summary type="text/plain">Moving from Wrigleyville to Wicker Park this past month reminds me in many ways of moving to a different part of the country.  Everything is different, fresh, not quite familiar, and there’s something adventurous about discovering it all for the first time.  People look different, act different, care about different things.</summary>
		<dc:subject>Leaving Wrigleyville</dc:subject>
		<content type="text/html" mode="escaped" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.agonyandivy.com/pivot/entry.php?id=81"><![CDATA[ Moving from Wrigleyville to Wicker Park this past month reminds me in many ways of moving to a different part of the country.  Everything is different, fresh, not quite familiar, and there’s something adventurous about discovering it all for the first time.  People look different, act different, care about different things.This is what makes culture, and the culture felt foreign.  Hell, even the stuff in the grocery store is different (even though it’s the same chain), such as the frozen ostrich heads.<br />
<br />
(OK, so they don’t have frozen ostrich heads, but they do have some crazy shit.)<br />
<br />
My apartment is WAY different.  I went from a cramped one bedroom for around $800 a month to a warehouse with three other guys for about $600 a month.  My lifestyle is different now too.  I’m going out a lot more, but drinking less.  Meeting people is easier, but I find myself pickier than ever.  I’m not bothered by any of these changes, but am just amazed how a hop across town can create so many of them.  Chicago is without question a city comprised of unique neighborhoods.<br />
<br />
When it comes to following the Cubs, at first it seems that there probably couldn’t be anything more different between these two locations.  Wrigleyville wouldn’t even exist without Cubs baseball, whereas Wicker Park seems completely indifferent to the existence of it.  There are no sports bars in Wicker Park, no stands on the street with “Sox Suck” t-shirts, no murals depicting Ryno in the El stops.  Culture could exist without baseball in Wicker Park, believe it or not.<br />
<br />
Or… at least that’s what Wicker Park-ites might want you to think.  People in Wicker Park are all about independence.  The time and effort it takes to have a relationship (with anything) is lost on people here, sometimes.  Everyone is shooting for an extreme sort of self-reliance, the kind that creative people all have.<br />
<br />
However, this is really an illusion.  Everyone needs support and people here are no exception – even if they don’t want to admit it.  People like to be a part of ‘something.’  That’s why if I walk into the Gold Star Lounge (my nearest dive bar) during a night game there’s a handful of people there watching it on the TV that sits crookedly on top of the 70’s refrigerator behind the bar.  Their book or conversation might indicate indifference, but in reality they’re there to watch the game.  They are there because the American relationship with baseball pulls on everyone in our country who brushes up against it, regardless of who they are, and asks them to take part.  Even if you hate baseball, it is in some way a part of your life here because it is a part of where you live.  Chicago goes back with baseball farther than anyone goes back with Chicago.  In Wrigleyville the culture is far more transparent, but maybe that’s why I like places like Wicker Park: inspiration is not always so easy to figure out.<br />
<br />
I think I like watching baseball in Wicker Park more.  I don’t have cable here (yet) so I am forced to go out if I want to watch, and this lands me in very different situations than if I was in Wrigleyville.  Here, there is usually just a TV or two in the bar at most, and they’re not anything eye-catching like the plasma screens in most Wrigleyville bars.  The relaxed nature with which people watch baseball here attracts me.  People are usually sipping a beer, maybe reading something, and just generally taking it easy.  The mood is not aggressive like I’ve seen in many Wrigleyville establishments.  The pace people watch the game actually feels more like the pace of the game itself: slow and reserved until a tense situation develops.<br />
<br />
Watching baseball in Wrigleyville is like listening to Metallica – this music is about energy, it is about excitement.  It is full on testosterone and adrenaline.  The problem is that oftentimes baseball doesn’t deserve this level of excitement.  A baseball game -- and more so, a baseball season -- has its own rhythm, and staying fully charged all the time like this can burn you out.  In Wicker Park the reflection and mindfulness involved with watching baseball is more important than the constant release of energy, and my personality seems to agree with that, even if I couldn’t put my finger on it until recently.<br />
<br />
Don’t get me wrong though; being in Wrigleyville for Cubs baseball can be spectacular.  Sometimes I yearn for that electricity that’s in the air as you wait in line for your bleacher seats or you taste your first beer at Sluggers.  It’s really something.  But my favorite part of baseball culture while I was living in Wrigleyville was the part that most reflects what enjoying baseball in Wicker Park is like.  <br />
<br />
On a lot of evenings, I would get home from work at about 6:15 and pull something out of the fridge to eat as I prepared for the 7:05 start.  I’d sit in my Grandfather’s old leather chair in the corner of my tiny apartment, right beside the west windows, and I’d switch on WGN radio just in time to hear Pat Hughes reading the lineups.   I’d usually throw back a beer at this point and just listen, waiting for my favorite part.  <br />
<br />
Then it would happen: Sosa, Ramirez, Lee, or any number of others would put one onto Waveland Ave. and as I listened to Pat make the call, I could hear the sound of Wrigley erupting through my window.  That was the best part of a lot of days in Wrigleyville.  That's the part Wicker Park can understand, but never have.  That’s the part I will sincerely miss the most. ]]></content>
		<author>
			<name>jmi</name>
		</author>
	</entry>
	
	
	
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